Varicocele

Varicoceles can impact both your fertility and overall well-being. At Nuffield Vascular and Interventional Radiology (NVIR), our team offers personalised treatments designed to achieve your desired outcomes using innovative technologies and minimally invasive procedures.

Understanding Varicocele

Varicocele is a vascular condition affecting the veins in the scrotum, characterised by an abnormal cluster of enlarged and tangled veins located above the testicles. This occurs due to weak valves within the veins, which impair normal blood flow, leading to engorgement.

Varicoceles are relatively common, affecting approximately 1 in 5 males. They are most frequently found on the left side of the scrotum, although they can occur on both sides. Isolated cases of right-sided varicocele are rare and typically require detailed evaluation.

Symptoms of Varicocele

Varicocele is often asymptomatic in many individuals. However, in some cases, it may present as a noticeable swelling above the testicle.

For symptomatic patients, the condition may cause:

  • Pain: A sharp or dull, throbbing ache in the scrotum or groin.
  • Scrotal Heaviness: A sensation of heaviness that worsens with physical activity or prolonged standing.
  • Sudden Sharp Pain: This can occur due to inflammation and venous congestion.

 

Varicoceles have also been linked to reduced sperm count and infertility in some cases.

Diagnosis of Varicocele

The diagnosis of varicocele involves a clinical assessment followed by an ultrasound scan of the scrotum. For symptomatic patients, the ultrasound is typically performed in both lying down and standing positions to ensure a thorough evaluation.

Management of Varicoceles

There are three primary options for managing varicoceles:

  1. Clinical Monitoring and Ultrasound Scans: Regular check-ups to track the condition.
  2. Surgical Varicocelectomy: A surgical procedure to remove the affected veins.

 

Minimally Invasive Varicocele Embolisation: A modern, non-surgical treatment option.

Varicocele Embolisation

Varicocele embolisation is a day procedure performed through a minimally invasive approach. The process involves accessing the veins in the groin (or occasionally the neck) using a tiny 2 mm needle mark under local anaesthesia or intravenous sedation, based on patient preference.

Using fluoroscopy for guidance, a small specialised tube, known as a catheter, is advanced through the veins to reach the varicocele within 15 minutes. The total procedure lasts approximately 45 minutes. Special coils and embolic agents are then injected into the abnormal veins to block blood flow to the varicocele.

This procedure is virtually pain-free, with no post-procedure discomfort. Patients can fully resume their normal activities within 2–3 days.

Your Health, Our Priority​

I’m here to help you regain control of your health. Together, we’ll manage your symptoms and prevent future complications using personalised care and innovative technology. – Dr Suresh Babu